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Abomasal ulcers in cattle

02 November 2021
11 mins read
Volume 26 · Issue 6

Abstract

Abomasal ulcers in cattle often present with non-specific clinical signs meaning that it is one of several differentials that may be relevant for a wide range of clinical presentations. This, combined with a lack of accurate diagnostic tests, makes the condition hard for the clinician to diagnose with confidence. The management and prognosis for cattle differ significantly depending on the severity and chronicity of an abomasal ulcer. It is important that clinicians are aware of the possibilities for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of the varying forms of this condition so they can offer the most appropriate management plans for the individual animal in every case.

Abomasal ulcers are defined as an erosion of the abomasal mucosa into the submucosal layer. Depending on the severity and chronicity of an ulcer, affected animals may have only subclinical disease, but clinical disease can range from mild non-specific signs, to fulminant peritonitis, sepsis and death. The prevalence of either subclinical or clinical abomasal ulcers in adult cattle is largely unknown. Studies have reported prevalences of 20.5, 48.5 and 84% in dairy cows at slaughter (Braun et al, 1991a; Hund et al, 2016; Munch et al, 2019), and 65.9% in fattening bulls at slaughter (Hund et al, 2016). Given these findings it is feasible that cows suffering from abomasal ulcers that are causing clinical disease are presented to practitioners with reasonable frequency, but the non-specific clinical signs means this condition can be easily misdiagnosed.

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