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Cattle

Bovine respiratory disease — challenges and opportunities

02 March 2020
Clinical
9 mins read
02 March 2020
Volume 25 · Issue 2
Figure 4. Early and accurate diagnosis of bovine respiratory disease is key to treatment success.
Figure 4. Early and accurate diagnosis of bovine respiratory disease is key to treatment success.

Abstract

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) remains a significant issue to farming around the world. Technology is now available that can be used to improve the speed and accuracy of detection, and it is important that we consider how this technology can best be implemented to maximise its returns. The use of antimicrobials in farming remains high on the agenda and this article discusses some of the key things to consider when prescribing for BRD to maximise effect and reduce the potential for the emergence of resistance. To truly control BRD it is essential that we consider the farm and potentially the industry holistically. At a farm level it is essential that all potential risk factors are managed to reduce disease. Further opportunities for reducing the risk of disease are offered by closer working relationships between farms and integrated supply chains as these can reduce the stress around periods of transition and also enable better control of endemic diseases

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is an endemic disease and one of the most common and costly diseases affecting cattle today. In the US the annual economic cost of BRD has been estimated as approaching $1 billion (Coetzee, 2019). Looking at costs for individual cases, Andrews (2000) estimated a single case of pneumonia carries a mean cost of £43.26 per sick dairy calf and a mean cost of £82.10 per sick suckler calf. These figures reflect both the immediate cost of treating the disease as well as the lifetime decrease in production and increased risk of the animal being lost from the herd. Over the last 40 years a vast amount of research has focused on BRD. A review by Fulton in 2009 identified over 2900 research papers on the different aspects of this disease complex, and since then the knowledge base has continued to grow. However, despite this wealth of knowledge BRD remains a significant clinical concern and one of the key reasons for the use of antimicrobials on farm. So, where the do the opportunities lie? And how in the face of increasing scrutiny on the use of antimicrobials do we manage this multifactorial disease effectively without compromising animal welfare or productivity?

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cattle
BRD
herd health
pneumonia